The Berghof Handbook II, Opladen/ Framington Hills, Barbara Budrich Publishers. Posted by Sarina Castillo | Continue with Recommended Cookies. In addition the Government sought direct control over the proposal, feasibility and development of the project. It often puts a strain on water resources, and it can force local populations to compete for the use of critical resources. The Bold and the beautiful: Urban heritage and history Gold Coast style, Proceedings from the 8th Australasian UHPH conference, 9-11 February, Massey University, Wellington. No wonder more. Mountain areas also commonly suffer at the hands of the tourism industry. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Not surprisingly most respondents indicated that they spent over three hours at the Spit at any one time. 2Although some attempts to a better coastal policy and management were tried here and there (e.g. Council accused of mass sell-off, News, Wednesday 09 October, pp7. Here at HRSP.com.au, we manage some of the finest, most luxurious but budget-friendly accommodation in Surfers Paradise best apartments, hotels and resorts. They have rallied, formed community groups, undertaken voluntary tree planting and encouraged councils and governments to see the place as the Gold Coasts Central Park. Wise, P. (2006). Areas that would be home to a wide array of flora and fauna are turned into hotels, car parks and swimming pools. Feedback | As such the production, sale and consumption of goods and services providing pleasure has become so deftly woven into the economic landscape of the City that it is not easy to isolate them in policy or practice. Following large storm events, beach crews clean up large debris such as logs and hazardous materials. This trajectory did not, at the time, succeed in obtaining jurisdictional powers that would require State/Commonwealth cooperation in resolving complex, place-based conflicts. In the year ending March 2010, domestic and international tourism expenditure was $3.9 billion. These restrictions were put in place to ensure the existing character and amenity of the Spit, as a place communities valued, was preserved and maintained. Website by Ignition Media. For example, Taylor (1967) assumes the conflict in South East Queensland arose from the Aborigines seeking to control European resources, to share in the superabundance of goods and stock that had suddenly descended upon them. Marx, K. (1959). 17The Gold Coast City Council released the Gold Coast Harbour Study Issues Paper for public comment in 1998. Addressing the impacts of tourism - Studocu The Gold Coast: Australias playground?. On the Southport Spit, one of the first to object to development on this prime beachfront dune was the local National Party Member of Parliament at the time, Doug Jennings. The beach is a large part of the Gold Coast way of life and is instrumental in shaping our city's culture and economy. This then has a wider impact on the global marine life and ecosystem, as many animals rely on the coral for as their habitat and food source. Greider, T. and Garkovich, L. (1994). Secret study values Broadwater at $4.1b August 12, URL: . Dekker, A., Goverde, H., Makowski, T. and Ptaszynska-Woloczkowicz, M. (1992). The image of the City of Gold Coast also poses questions regarding the value of place. Ms Battista said tourism was part of the city's history and believed it was a critical component of future success. Creating, improving and protecting habitat on private land plays an important role in the ongoing survival of our city's wildlife. Artistic impression of the Cruise Ship Terminal, Credits: extracted from the Gold Coast Integrated Resort Master plan Report, p60. Everyone Knew Everyone: A Community History of Burleigh Heads, Gold Coast: Gold Coast City Council. The Wider Caribbean Region, stretching from Florida to French Guiana, receives 63,000 port calls from ships each year, and they generate 82,000 tons of rubbish. 13The first major conflict in the now City of Gold Coast followed the arrival of European settlement in the region leading up to the mid-1820s. 25The Southport Spit continues to ride a wave of development abuse. Weaver, D. and L. Lawton (2004). Why the environment is more important for the Gold Coast than we think The Gold Coast has a major opportunity with the Commonwealth Games. Gold Coast, Burchill Strategic Projects. This can result in water shortages and degradation of water supplies, as well as generating a greater volume of waste water. Developing successful products for target segments that are high-yielding, align with the long term plans for the destination and provide a good match with what residents on the Gold Coast want is not a trivial task. Other development proposals that did not get off the ground included an amusement oasis, a mini city comprising 8000 permanent residents and a golf course (Condon, 2006). The tourism industry generally overuses water resources for hotels, swimming pools, golf courses and personal use of water by tourists. In fact, tourism accounts for more than 60% of all air travel. The old players continue to advocate for more transparent governance and to protect the quality of life that has become intrinsic to a valued, renowned and iconic Gold Coast lifestyle (Bosman, 2016) and identity (Potts et al, 2013). Every year, thousands of domestic and international tourists choose our beautiful region for their holiday destination due to several reasons. It reflected an optimistic period of policy development (Vince, 2008) that would culminate with the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act in 1999. Holden, G. (2011). Review of the Implementation of Oceans Policy, Hobart, TFG International. For instance, Dekker. Southeast Queensland has already had its hottest September on record and early spring is rapidly turning into early summer. It can put enormous pressure on an area and lead to impacts such as soil . As with most serious development conflicts, this remains unresolved, although it has taken on a very different form, moving from physical altercations into the political realm. 11One challenge for planners is to find the balance between fostering new development for a rapidly growing population and preserving the heritage and character of the existing urban realm. Interestingly, the Gold Coast circumstances also paralleled the emergence of an environmental prerogative in the interpretation and implementation of the Commonwealth Oceans Policy (Vince, 2008). GOLD COAST MC, Qld 9726 Ph: +61 7 5552 8116, Fax: +61 7 5552 8171 . However, transformation or rebranding does not come without asking some hard questions and exploring new territory. The sprawl includes tourism facilities themselves and supporting infrastructure such as roads, employee housing, parking, service areas, and waste disposal. (2016). Stay at Towers of Chevron Renaissance from $150 pn! Will this be the new norm, accepted and valued by local communities, the old players? The negative impact the development would have on existing tourism operators on the Spit, namely the dive industry, surfing industry, fishing industry, charter boats and kayaking. The Gold Coast coastline has, not surprisingly, been significantly impacted by the rapid urbanisation (Figure 2); specifically during the post-war period (the glorious Fifties), and continuing into the 1960s and again in the early 1990s. In the case of the Southport Spit local place-making practices and local communities succeeded in achieving (for now) a local outcome, valued and upheld by many local people. Because of its ability to attract thousands of tourists year after year, the Gold Coast has managed to provide jobs to thousands of its residents and it has become a more attractive place to move to. The process of constructing place meanings, values and attachments is the result of a multitude of influences and factors (Dovey, 1999; Creswell, 2004; Massey, 1994; Carter, Dyer and Sharma, 2007; Vanclay, Higgins and Blackshaw, 2008). URL: http://journals.openedition.org/etudescaribeennes/10496; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/etudescaribeennes.10496, Griffith University, Associate Professor, k.dupre@griffith.edu.au, Griffith University, Associate Professor, c.bosman@griffith.edu.au, Creative Commons - Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International - CC BY-NC 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/, Privacy Policy About Cookies Report a problem, OpenEdition Journals member Published with Lodel Administration only, You will be redirected to OpenEdition Search, Journal supported by the Institut des Sciences Humaines et Sociales (CNRS). Best, Y. While we continue to receive an increasing number of bookings year in and year out, we, like so many other Gold Coast accommodation providers rely heavily on, Read More Third Party Hotel Booking Sites Aid Gold Coast AccommodationContinue, I have always believed that the best companions for any travel are your own family, and it looks like I am not the only one who shares the same sentiment. Management of the AONB is designed to minimise the negative impacts of visitor pressure. In an effort to save the Spit from major development a second rally took place in November 2012 and studies indicated that the Spit environs have been identified as a key environmental asset worth more than $611 million for the city (Weston 2013). And if the Spit is developed will this be just another link in a long chain of development conflict cycles, none ever completely resolved? If you are studying the environmental impacts of tourism or if you are interested in learning more about the environmental impacts of tourism, I have compiled a short reading list for you below. Besides, largely because of the citys beach environment, a lot of literature has focused on coastal ecosystems and on the impact of human activity on both land and sea. As a result, by the 1980s the Broadwater and the Spit were secured by the construction of groins, channel dredging and a sand bypass system. thesis, University of Queensland. (1994). Clark, J. R. (1995). There was little or no planning legislation in place to protect the coastline. Sense of place as an attitude: Lakeshore owners attitudes towards their properties, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21: 233-48. The most commonly noted positive environmental impact of tourism is raised awareness. Bosman, C. and J. Strickland (2015). Mitchell, C. R. (2011). This declaration triggered State legislation that called for an Environmental Impact Study (EIS) which meant the Government had direct control over the way the EIS was developed, the criteria by which it was to be assessed and it enabled other legislation to be bypassed if necessary. CiteSeerX SOCIAL IMPACTS OF TOURISM ON THE GOLD COAST Previous research has identified the importance of understanding the way in which people interact with the landscape and how they develop place- based values (Jorgensen and Stedman, 2001; Cheng et al., 2003; Yung et al., 2003). The report provides the City with valuable information on: The City has a comprehensive data collection regime to monitor our coastline. These are often largescale project works and can involve planting up to 20,000 plants on one site. Changes in the coastline at the Surfers Paradise district, Credits: Southport Local Studies Libraries and Karine Dupre. She said: it would be great if [the Spit] was less environmentally sensitive, if people had less emotional attachment to it that would make it a lot easier. (Courier Mail, 2006). Daniels, (2003). It capitalises on its almost-perfect climate, laid-back environment, and lifestyle. Golf course maintenance can also deplete fresh water resources. This can make a tourist destination less appealing and can contribute to a loss of appeal. The Southport Spit continues to ride a wave of development abuse. On the Southport Spit, one of the first to object to development on this prime beachfront dune was the local National Party Member of Parliament at the time, Doug Jennings. 28The big question remains: will the proposed casino and/ or towers go ahead? Although there is only one marina owned by a yacht club (Southport Yacht Club), there are about twenty other privately owned marinas, slipways and boatyards within the jurisdiction of this unique city, which offers the proximity to two major airports, tourism attractions, theme parks and unique hinterland (Tenefrancia, 2016). For instance, Dekker et al., (1992) recognise that conflict often arises due to the differing interests of the new, pro- development, growth-oriented players or stakeholders and the old players or local communities who value the urban environment in its current and historic context, and who seek to preserve these characteristics. New players invariably bring with them new ideas, concepts, beliefs and place values. Based on statistics published online by the Council of the City of Gold Coast, the region welcomes more than 12 million visitors per year with 22.4million annual visitor nights. During storm events, sand from the beach and dune system is eroded to form a nearshore storm bar. Essentially the place becomes vulnerable as local everyday activity nodes move elsewhere and tourists do not return. ), Off the Plan: The Urbanisation of the Gold Coast, CSIRO:109120. Conflict, Change and Conflict Resolution, In Austin, B. Fischer, M., Giessmann, H. J. These impacts were temporary and did not reflect the beach conditions throughout the majority of the year. (2011). It is ironic really, that tourism often destroys the very things that it relies on! The majority of survey respondents were employed (non-professional) Australian males aged between 25-54, which corresponds with the major activities of surfing and diving. As an island-country where 85% of the population lives within 50 km of the coast (ABS, 2015), one could easily expect that Australia would be at the forefront of coastal planning, management and protection. Ten years of implementing Australias Oceans Policy: From an integrated approach to an environmental policy focus. The Berghof Handbook II. Conflict then potentially occurs as a result of the difference in place values between the new and old players/community members. Tourism has the potential to create beneficial effects on the environment by contributing to environmental protection and conservation. How the Gold Coast games transformed a resort region into a city This can contribute to severe local air pollution. The Council of the City of Gold Coast also revealed that 20% of the city's total earnings come from the tourism industry. In part, by recognizing the importance of the coastline and its natural features, the debate has shifted slightly from a focus on economic to one that acknowledges some of the critical environmental issues related to coastal development and the local, national and global importance of coastal conservation. Annually 90% of Gold Coast dune systems are actively maintained under this program. Our beautiful beaches are one of our most precious natural assets for both residents and visitors as well as a major natural economic asset. The Waterways Authority were frequently involved in controversy over commercial development rights on public land in the city (Condon, 2006). The feeling of attachment that is produced from knowing a place comes from living that place. The intent of the new players is to disrupt the existing norms as understood by the old players. We manage the coastal zone in line with Commonwealth, State and Local Government laws and policies. The feeling of attachment that is produced from knowing a place comes from living that place. The City of Gold Coast is a case in point and no more so than currently (2017) with proposals to build a cruise terminal or/and a casino, and high rise residential towers on its protected coastal strip (the Spit). Belsky (2003). During this time, the Gold Coast transformed from small resort town to become an international tourist city (Dedekorkut-Howes & Bosman, 2015). , 9-11 February, Massey University, Wellington. Clearly, it was also a reaction to the national governments latest recommendations, specifically regarding the Resource Assessment Commission Coastal Zone Inquiry (1993) and the release of Australias Oceans Policy in 1998, which was recognised as a milestone in marine resource management worldwide. (ed. Gold Coast Sun (2013). Importantly, the survey data indicated that the Spit environs were perceived as a safe and valuable community asset. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. For example, wildlife viewing can bring about stress for the animals and alter their natural behaviour when tourists come too close. It is important to note that the Spit is one of three (and it is the primary) off-leash dog exercise beach. 29The battle between old and new players and their place-making practices is ongoing. Ill never forget the time that I went on a school trip to climb Snowdonia in Wales. Coastal dunes also provide valuable habitat for native wildlife such as birds, reptiles, and invertebrates. We regularly collect data using: For the Beach Health Report, we split our coastline into 23 beach compartments. By July 2006 (just ten months into the feasibility studies) the SOSA had collected over 20,000 signatures as part of their petition to the state government to stop development on the Spit (SOSA d). This resulted in the regions most horrific and infamous development conflict, a conflict that was mirrored in nearly all regions across Australia throughout the 18th and 19th Centuries. The battle between old and new players and their place-making practices is ongoing. Implacing architecture into the practice of placemaking, Journal of Architectural Education, 53 (3): 130-140. The Spit is located at the northern end of the city (see Figure 1), across the Broadwater from the early (1880s) settlement of Southport, and is the result of the reconfiguration of the sand dune at the mouth of the Nerang River in the late 1800s following a series of storms (see GCCM, 2006). Today the city welcomes more than 12 million visitors annually (ABS, 2015). Cruise tourism in the Caribbean, for example, is a major contributor to this negative environmental impact of tourism. During calmer conditions, the sand is slowly swept back up onto the beach. Australia's Gold Coast: A city producing itself, in Lindner, C. 14 important environmental impacts of tourism - Tourism Teacher 16% of Queensland respondents rated tourism as affecting their personal quality of life 'positively (2)' or 'very positively (3)'. Vince, J. Uncontrolled conventional tourism poses potential threats to many natural areas around the world. The Gold Coast: Australias playground?, Cities, 42: 70-84. Schneekloth, L.H. A celebration of nature. Check-in or check-out is ONLY available at the HRSP.com.au office. A member of Parliament at the time in support of the governments Spit development proposal argued that The Beattie Government has a duty to provide, amongst other things, economic stability and employment opportunities for the people of this State (Smith, 2006). Dining experiences were also very important to visitors, especially when they occur in the natural environment. It may also contribute to changes in behaviour. A lack of land-use planning and building regulations in many destinations has facilitated sprawling developments along coastlines, valleys and scenic routes.